Income & Expenses For April 2020: Saved $13,597.14, 98.63% of After-Tax Income

Since 2014, I have been tracking my monthly income and expenses. You can see a breakdown of every penny I earn and spend. For perspective, this budget is for a household of two in a small US city. 

By documenting my journey, I aim to demonstrate the feasibility of saving a significant portion of your income and provide some ideas and inspiration for your own budget.

Below are my income and expenses for April 2020. You can see all my monthly budgets here.

	Apr 2020
Income
Wages	$13,986.81
Dividends	$549.98
Other Income	$536.52
Total Income	$15,073.31
Expense
Federal Income Tax	$669.10
Federal Tax Pmt/(Refund)
FICA-SS	$501.57
FICA-Medicare	$117.30
Housing
Student loan repayment	$0.00
Food	$146.30
Electric	$1.58
Water	$35.03
Gas/Heating	$5.29
Total Expense	$1,476.17
Surplus/(Deficit)	$13,597.14
Before Tax Saving Rate	90.21%
After Tax Income	$13,785.34
Ex-Tax Total Expense	$188.20
After Tax Saving Rate	98.63%
Goal	95.00%

Income

Wages remain my primary source of income by far, although dividend income is now more than enough to live on. Other income includes interest and miscellaneous non-recurring income.

Here is a chart of my dividend income by month for the past 13 months:

Total dividends for the trailing twelve months: $15,826.68, down 9.62% from a year ago. This is a positive development, as I continue to switch from high dividend paying stocks to lower or non paying ones to reduce my taxes. 

Here is a summary of my dividend income by month and year since inception of the blog in 2014:

Dividend Summary
Year	Amount	Change
2014	$9,843.75
2015	$11,888.42	20.77%
2016	$13,391.84	12.65%
2017	$16,086.72	20.12%
2018	$18,472.77	14.83%
2019	$15,795.49	-14.49%
2020 YTD	$4,697.34
Total	$90,176.33

Expense

Tax remains my top expense by far. Since tax is proportional to my earned income, there is nothing I could do about that. Tax will go way down once I retire.

Housing cost was just $4.29 this month, on gas for lawn mover.

Student loan repayment was zero this month, as the Care Act put student loans on forbearance status and no payments will be made till October 2020.

Food expense was $146.30 this month, higher than usual. I stocked up for COVID-19 to minimize exposure. Cheap pinto beans (good source of protein), oatmeal (good source of carb), and peanut butter (good source of fat) make a good healthy and balanced meal. My splurges are on fresh and frozen vegetables like cabbage, collard greens, broccoli, turnip greens, mustard greens, when I can buy them for under $1 per pound.

The utility bills are typical. No other expenses this month.

After-tax expenses came in at $188.20, lower than average due to lack of nonrecurring expense this month.

Total after tax expenses for the trailing twelve months: $3,249.82, down 4.25% from a year ago. This ttm figure is hovering around $3000 for the past several months. My current expense ratio, the ratio of my ttm expenses to my net worth, is only 0.20%, improved from last month but not fully recovered from the COVID-19 bear market. Nonetheless, it remains far less than the 4% SWR. This should allow my net worth to continue to compound near market return.

Here is a summary of expenses (not including tax) incurred since 2014:

Expenses Summary
Year	Amount	Change
2014	$13,872.71
2015	$9,515.82	-31.41%
2016	$9,587.84	0.76%
2017	$9,675.34	0.91%
2018	$5,815.72	-39.89%
2019	$2,968.67	-48.95%
2020 YTD	$993.76
Total	$52,429.86

Big drops in housing expense accounted for the big drops in annual expenses from 2014 to 2015 and again from 2017 to 2018. My housing expense is now near rock bottom so I don't expect any more big drops in annual expenses in the future.

Dividend to expense coverage ratio = 4.87, down from last month, but still quite high.

Here is a summary of my passive income (dividends) to expense coverage since 2014:

Coverage Summary
Year	Amount	Change
2014	0.71
2015	1.25	76.07%
2016	1.40	11.80%
2017	1.66	19.04%
2018	3.18	91.04%
2019	5.32	67.51%
2020 YTD	4.73	-11.16%

Interpretation: 

<1: div="" financially="" independent="" keep="" not="" working="">Below 1: Not financially independent; keep working! 

Between 1 and 1.24: Financially independent, but not much margin for error.

Between 1.25 and 1.75: Sweet spot for financial independence: passive income adequately covers expenses, with room for error, but not too as to cause tax drag. 

Above 1.75: Too much passive income, which becomes a tax liability: try to convert some passive income generating assets to zero dividend growth stocks to maximize return without excessive tax drag.

The chart below shows my TTM dividend (red line) versus TTM expense (blue line) since I started tracking in 2014. The dividend (red) line overtook the expense (blue) line around June 2015.

Given that my expenses have gone down significantly, dividends have become too much of a good thing. Any excess dividends above the amount needed for expenses incurs excess taxes and becomes a drag on my returns. I think an ideal dividend to expense coverage ratio is around 1.5, which allows room for error without incurring too much tax liabilities. 

My overall expenses are bottoming out at approximately $3,000 annually, which means $4,500 annual dividends would be plenty. My currently projected annual dividends is around $14,000, so I still have a long way to go. 

I will continue to exchange more high dividend paying stocks for low or no dividend paying ones as the bear market continues, to minimize my capital gains taxes.

I have now tracked my monthly net worth for over 3 years and have accumulated a lot of data to display my expense ratio in a chart. My annual expenses is far below 4% SWR and has been steadily trending downward, a good sign.

Savings

My after-tax saving rate (calculated as after-tax expenses divided by after-tax income) was 98.63% this month, exceeding my 95% saving rate target. In a bear market, saving money is more important than ever! I am confident I will meet or exceed my savings goal this year.